![]() have investigated whether defects in the epidermal barrier protect against skin cancer. These ‘triple knockout mice’ have a defective epidermal barrier and altered levels of immune T-cells in the skin. Genetically engineered mice that are lacking three proteins that are involved in the formation of the cornified envelope-the protective layer that replaces the normal plasma membrane in the cells of the outermost skin layers-can be used to study atopic dermatitis. However, it is difficult to know if this reduction is due to the atopic dermatitis itself or to the drugs used to treat this allergy. ![]() There is some evidence from epidemiological studies that patients with certain allergies might be protected against cancer and, in particular, that the allergic skin condition atopic dermatitis is associated with reduced levels of various skin cancers. Skin cancer is a common and growing problem-according to the World Health Organization, skin cancers account for one in every three cancers diagnosed world wide. We conclude that atopy is protective against skin cancer in our experimental model and that the mechanism involves keratinocytes communicating with cells of the immune system via signalling elements that normally protect against environmental assaults. The exacerbated TPA response could be normalised by blocking TSLP or the immunoreceptor NKG2D but not CD4+ T cells. The DMBA response was normal, but EPI−/− skin exhibited an exaggerated atopic response to TPA, characterised by abnormal epidermal differentiation, a complex immune infiltrate and elevated serum thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP). EPI−/− mice were highly resistant to developing benign tumours when treated with 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). To test whether this influences tumour formation, we chemically induced tumours in EPI−/− mice, which lack three barrier proteins-Envoplakin, Periplakin, and Involucrin. As Insiya’s condition continues to deteriorate, it appears Craig has accepted her impending death.Atopic dermatitis can result from loss of structural proteins in the outermost epidermal layers, leading to a defective epidermal barrier. The patch is also useless in advanced stages of the disease. All it does is calm the symptoms for a few hours. It is so ubiquitous that in the market it is simply called the ‘patch.’ However, it’s not a cure. It is manufactured by Ingenec-a local pharmaceutical company-and sold as an adhesive patch. People infected by it are referred to as ‘carriers.’ The only relief is a drug called Cidhar. Meanwhile, the virus continues to spread through the country. With no cure in sight, the doctors have no choice but put Insiya in a state of induced coma. A devastating pathogen, the virus causes uncontrollable outbursts of violent rage. During a routine hospital round, Insiya contracts a virus called the MN-2. Robin Dunne (SANCTUARY), Juggan Kazim, Salman Shahid, Ali Kazmi and Nimra Bucha star the synopsis: “Craig Evans, an American expat living in Karachi, Pakistan, is married to Insiya Zia, a Pakistani doctor. ![]() Written and directed by Adnan Ahmed, who also produced with Federgreen, ALTERED SKIN will be distributed by Indiecan Entertainment across Canada in 2019 London-based Evolutionary Films will release in the UK and represent it for worldwide sales. We’ve got the exclusive first look at the trailer, along with the poster and details. Producer Avi Federgreen, whose credits include Justin McConnell’s new LIFECHANGER, also has ALTERED SKIN heading onto the festival circuit this fall and into release next year.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |